Royal Kasho on Civil Service Reform (Analysis)

The Kasho (Royal edict) addressing the need for civil service reform in Bhutan, issued by HM on the occasion of the 113th National Day in Punakha Dzong on 17th December 2020. The Kasho revolves around the history and evolution of Bhutan's civil service and emphasizes the need for reform in order to meet the challenges of the future. Here's a breakdown of the main points and themes:

1. Historical Context: The Kasho begins with a historical perspective, highlighting that Thuchen Choeki Gyalpo Ngawang Namgyal laid the foundation of Bhutan's public service in Punakha Dzong nearly four centuries ago. The civil service has since played a critical role in administration, justice, foreign relations, and defense of sovereignty.
2. Twentieth-Century Reforms: The 20th century saw significant changes in Bhutan, with modernization programs initiated by King Jigme Dorji Wangchuck. Reforms were undertaken to modernize the public service, enhancing efficiency, and fulfilling the aspirations of the people.
3. Transformation into the Royal Civil Service Commission: King Jigme Singye Wangchuck established the Department of Manpower, which later evolved into the Royal Civil Service Commission. The civil service grew in size, scope, and sophistication, aligning with national development plans and budgets.

Royal Kasho on Education Reform (Analysis)

The Kasho (Royal edict) addressing the need for education reform in Bhutan, issued by HM on the occasion of the 113th National Day in Punakha Dzong on 17th December 2020. The key points and themes presented in the Kasho are as follows:

1. Historical Development of Education: The Kasho highlights the historical development of education in Bhutan, starting from the early twentieth century. It acknowledges the efforts of past monarchs, such as Gongsa Ugyen Wangchuck and King Jigme Wangchuck, who established schools and emphasized the importance of both modern and monastic education. The passage of time has seen significant growth in the education system with an increasing number of schools, students, and teachers.
2. Success of Bhutan's Education Program: Bhutan's education program, encompassing both modern and monastic education, is regarded as a success story. It has resulted in a considerable increase in literacy rates, contributing to the development of administrative and technical personnel, reducing the reliance on foreign experts, and fostering national human resource development.